Exploring Szabadság Tér (Liberty Square) in Budapest

Nestled in the heart of Budapest, Szabadság Square (Liberty Square) is a place where history whispers, green lawns invite, and Budapest’s timeless elegance shines through.

This spacious and beautiful square, flanked by grand Art Nouveau and Neoclassical architecture, holds more stories than meets the eye.

A walk through Szabadság Square isn’t just a stroll through one of the city’s most beautiful public spaces but a journey through Hungary’s complex and turbulent past.

The storied past of Szabadság Square

Szabadság Square has been a witness to over a century of history, making it one of Budapest’s most compelling destinations. It was initially the site of the Neugebäude, a massive 18th-century fortress-prison built by the Habsburgs after the unsuccessful Rákóczi War of Independence.

This grim edifice, looming over the city, was primarily used to imprison Hungarian rebels and political dissidents. However, it was demolished in the 19th century as Hungary’s independence movement gained strength, allowing for the area to be transformed into something new—a public square.

Designed in 1886, Szabadság Square took on its current form, blending lush greenery with stately monuments and sophisticated architecture.

Today, the area is a sanctuary of leisure and greenery, but the monuments that punctuate the square remind visitors of Hungary’s layered and often painful history.

And it is these reminders that make Szabadság Square so unique: it’s both an escape from the city’s hustle and a place of quiet reflection.

Monuments and memorials: Szabadság Square’s complex legacy

Soviet war memorial

Szabadság Square may seem serene, but its monuments tell a far more nuanced story. Here are the most significant memorials and statues you’ll encounter as you explore.

At the center of the square, standing in stark contrast to its peaceful surroundings, is the Soviet War Memorial. It’s the last remaining Soviet monument in Budapest, erected in 1945 to honor Soviet soldiers who died liberating Hungary from Nazi occupation.

It’s a fascinating piece of Budapest’s history—a symbol of gratitude for liberation, but also a reminder of the ensuing Soviet occupation. The Soviet memorial is imposing, unmistakable, and a point of contention for locals, representing a complicated chapter in Hungarian history.

The Memorial to Ronald Reagan

On the western edge of Szabadság Square stands a bronze statue of former U.S. President Ronald Reagan, walking confidently as though on a casual stroll through the city. Installed in 2011, this statue commemorates Reagan’s role in ending the Cold War and Hungary’s eventual freedom from Soviet influence. Reagan’s presence in Budapest may seem unusual at first, but the statue reflects Hungary’s appreciation for his contributions to global democracy.

George H.W. Bush Statue

In 2020, a statue of former U.S. President George H.W. Bush was unveiled near the Ronald Reagan memorial on Szabadság Square. The monument honors Bush’s role in supporting the democratic transitions of Central and Eastern Europe at the end of the Cold War. Its placement beside Reagan’s statue highlights Hungary’s appreciation for American contributions to its post-communist independence. The statue further symbolizes the lasting U.S.-Hungarian diplomatic ties in the modern era.

Miklós Horthy Bust

A bust of Miklós Horthy, Hungary’s interwar regent, was installed in front of the “Hazatérő” Reformed Church near Szabadság Square. The statue quickly sparked public controversy due to Horthy’s role during World War II and his alliance with Nazi Germany. Critics argue that commemorating Horthy distorts historical accountability, while supporters see it as honoring a national figure. The memorial continues to fuel debates about how Hungary remembers and represents its past.

The German Occupation Memorial

Tucked away in the square’s corner near Vértanúk tere, the German Occupation Memorial has generated considerable controversy since its erection in 2014.

The monument depicts an angel, meant to represent Hungary, being attacked by an eagle symbolizing Nazi Germany. While intended to honor Hungarian victims of the German occupation, many locals feel it downplays Hungary’s collaboration with Nazi forces.

The site has become a flashpoint for debate and a gathering place for protestors who have set up a counter-memorial of personal items, photographs, and documents. This area is a reminder of the city’s complex relationship with its past and a place where raw emotions surface

Architectural marvels and points of interest

Apart from its historical monuments, Szabadság Square is also surrounded by stunning buildings that showcase Budapest’s architectural richness.

The Hungarian National Bank

The Hungarian National Bank, or Magyar Nemzeti Bank, boasts a grand Art Nouveau style that is both monumental and intricate, standing proudly on the edge of the square. Established in 1924, it remains the central bank of Hungary, holding a significant role in the nation’s economy.

Its imposing facade is softened by intricate architectural details, making it a striking sight for architecture enthusiasts.

The U.S. Embassy

Adjacent to the Hungarian National Bank is the U.S. Embassy, another key presence on the square. The building itself is relatively subdued in comparison to its architectural neighbors, but its location underscores Szabadság Square’s status as a central meeting point for political and diplomatic affairs in Budapest.

Former Stock Exchange Palace

The Former Stock Exchange Palace, now a television headquarters, stands as a beautiful example of late 19th-century architecture.

Built in a lavish Neo-Renaissance style, this structure once hosted the Hungarian Stock Exchange, symbolizing the financial optimism of pre-World War II Budapest.

Today, it is still an architectural gem, adorned with a richly detailed facade that captures the opulence of its era.

The Square’s inviting greenery and atmosphere

Despite its weighty history and significant monuments, Szabadság Square is a delightful place to relax, especially during Budapest’s warmer months.

The square is filled with large, shady trees, well-manicured lawns, and comfortable benches. Locals and tourists alike gather here to unwind, enjoy the sun, or even have a quick lunch from one of the nearby cafes.

Children flock to the square’s interactive fountain in the summer, an attraction that creates playful streams of water that change patterns as people approach.

It’s one of those modern touches that bring Szabadság Square to life, making it an enjoyable spot for families and solo travelers alike.

Visiting tips: make the most of your trip

• Best time to visit: Szabadság Square is a year-round destination, though spring and summer offer the most pleasant weather. In late April and early May, the square’s greenery is at its most vibrant, while autumn brings a stunning palette of warm colors to the trees. Winter, with its frost-covered lawns, adds a different kind of charm, but be sure to bundle up as Budapest winters can be brisk!
• Transportation: Szabadság Square is centrally located and easy to reach by public transport. It’s a short walk from the Kossuth Lajos tér Metro Station (M2) or Arany János utca (M3). The city’s tramlines (Trams 2 and 4/6) also stop nearby, making it easily accessible from various parts of Budapest.
• Nearby dining: The area around Szabadság Square is full of excellent dining options. For a local treat, try Hilda, a stylish bistro offering Hungarian dishes with a modern twist. If you’re in the mood for international fare, BESTIA has a delicious selection of gourmet burgers and craft beers. Coffee lovers can enjoy a perfect brew at Espresso Embassy, a beloved local coffee shop just a few steps away.
• Accessibility: The square is highly accessible, with paved paths and ramps allowing easy access for those with mobility challenges.

Seasonal events and local life

Szabadság Square isn’t just a historical site; it’s a part of daily life in Budapest, hosting various events throughout the year. From open-air art exhibitions to public gatherings, there’s often something happening in or around the square.

During Hungary’s national holidays, you may witness wreath-laying ceremonies here, while other times, local artists and vendors set up stalls to share their crafts.

Why Szabadság Square deserves a place on your Budapest itinerary?

Whether you’re a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply looking for a place to rest in Budapest’s bustling city center, Szabadság Square offers something unique.

It’s a place where you can contemplate Hungary’s journey through the 20th century while enjoying the present-day beauty of its open spaces and remarkable architecture.

From the political symbolism of its monuments to the quiet joy of watching children play by the fountain, Szabadság Square is a space that reflects the spirit of Budapest—bold, complex, and breathtakingly beautiful.